Desiree's Baby by Kate Chopin Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Desiree's Baby by Kate Chopin - Research Paper Example This story was written at a time when interracial relationships were not accepted by the society. When Armand noticed that the baby has African-American blood, he instantly came to his own conclusion of Desiree’s family heritage. The story ends with a deserving lesson for Armand. Desiree who was abandoned at birth was adopted by the Valmondes. She later on gets married to Armand Aubigny. Initially they have a happy married life. They seemed to be a devoted couple and then eventually Desiree gives birth to a son. When Madame Valmonde came to see the child, she found something unusual about him but was soon relieved when Desiree exclaimed how proud Armand was of his son. When the baby was three months old, Desiree and Armand realise that the skin colour of the baby is similar to that of a quadroon boy which means he has the blood of African-American. Since the family background of Desiree was not known, Armand immediately came to the conclusion that she has mixed blood. An instant change crept within Armand as he began to mistreat his slaves and also distanced himself from his wife and son and â€Å"when he spoke to her, it was with averted eyes, from which the old love-light seemed to have gone out†. When Armand refused to listen to the denials of Desi ree, she was requested by Madame Valmonde to return to the Valmonde estate. Even Armand insisted Desiree to take herself and her son away from him. Then Desiree leaves with her child and walks off into a bayou. She was never seen again. Armand then burns all belongings of Desiree and the baby including all her letters to him. Among the letters there was one letter which was written by his mother to his father and this letter revealed the fact that Armand himself was of mixed blood. (Chopin, n.d) In this story the final fate of Desiree remained ambiguous. It was not clear whether she along with her son embraced death or whether she chose to live to bring up the baby away from Armand. One author James Trotman in his book mentions about the irony in Armand’s character. His own racial heritage was not clear to him, but still he rejected his wife and son after concluding that they are not worthy of him. When his mother’s letter revealed his own black ancestry, his own views on racism becomes pathetic. Before he noticed the skin colour of the baby, he was devoted to his wife and the baby. After he realised the mixed blood status of the baby he began to believe that â€Å"Almighty God had dealt cruelly and unjustly with him†. He now considered Desiree unfit to be his wife. Trotman also analyses Armand’s views on black and white women. Armand most probably had relationship with a black woman called La Blanche with whom he had a son because of the baby’s likeness to La Blanche’s son. For Armand, La Blanche was valuable only as servant and sexual partner because she was black. For him, Desiree had the right to give birth to his heir because of her white skin. When Desiree failed to meet his expectations, he discarded her with no second thoughts. All his love for her evaporated because of his own notions on racism. In a male dominated society Desiree’s life gets ruined after being abandoned by her husband. As a woman she b ecomes legally powerless because she has no right to accuse Armand. (Trotman, 2002, pp.131,132). In the end Desiree leaves with her baby and her whereabouts remain a mystery. It will be prudent to speculate that she might have settled in some other place where racial prejudice is not so much a curse. As a mother she might have thought of her son who is totally innocent and so deserves to lead a long and happy life. There is a book by Christopher Benfey which tells about the fate of Desiree. Armand becomes extremely angry on learning that his wife has borne him a mulatto child. The author without any doubt, concludes

Ethics Worksheet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethics Worksheet - Essay Example The wife is, obviously, lying for her husband and trying to protect him. Socially, she has not done any wrong in doing so, and since the police have not been able to convict the husband, they are bound by law and cannot carry out further investigation without due cause. The other issue at hand is the belief of the police officers that the husband was driving while intoxicated. They checked the hood of the car, which was warm, suggesting that it had been very recently used. They also observed the husband drop the car keys and put them in his pocket while he was walking up to the front door. After carrying out a check, they retrieved a set of car keys from his front pocket, but the husband denied driving and said he was out walking. The wife maintained she had not driven either. However, it was obvious that the husband was lying. The husband failed to pass the intoxication tests satisfactorily, and it was established that he was, indeed, intoxicated; his alcohol was on the scale of 0.2 0 on his breath. It is socially unethical, and legally unlawful, to drive intoxicated. However, since the officers did not observe him driving themselves, they are unable to take any action. Q3: 3A: Claimant 1: The husband. He is the person who would be convicted of two crimes, domestic violence, and intoxicated driving, if the crimes were to be proven. Therefore, he would prefer that the police do not find sufficient evidence to convict him. To that end, he has got his wife to lie for him as well. From the perspective of the moral agent, the obligation of justice is owed to the husband. All the preliminary evidence points towards him being guilty. He is on socially and legally unethical grounds, and to make it worse, he is lying about it. He should be dealt with justice, and convicted. 3B: Claimant 2: The wife. She has a minor role to play in the case. She was the victim of domestic violence, but now she denies it, and there are no visible signs of violence about her to convict the husband for that. She is also lying for her husband. For the sale of her husband, she would prefer the authorities not to find him guilty, and she would prefer the police not to find sufficient evidence to convict him. That is the reason for her lying. The obligation owed towards her is beneficence, and she should be dealt with it. If indeed she is the victim of violence, then she should be taken into protective custody and her problem solved. She should also be given the confidence that she can still live her life with her husband convicted, so that there is no need for her to lie to protect him. 3C: Claimant 3: The police officers. They have strong belief of the husband being guilty based on their observations, and they would prefer for the husband to be convicted of the crimes, because they believe he is lying about them. The experience of the older police officer also point towards this verdict. However, since they do not have sufficient proof, such as visible signs of domestic violence and the actual observation of the husband driving while intoxicated, they should deal him with the moral obligation of non-injury, since they can protect bringing unnecessary harm to the couple. Q4: Alternative 1: The police do not convict, based on insufficient evidence. Best case scenario, the husband does not repeat the mistake again. Worst case scenario,

Pain Leads to Growth Essay Example for Free

Pain Leads to Growth Essay (Thesis Statement) In the Olive Ann Burns novel Cold Sassy Tree, Will Tweedy grows from a somewhat thoughtless fourteen-year-old boy to a more mature and compassionate person. (SO 1) Initially, Will acts in a capricious manner, often hurting people without really understanding the effect of his actions. (SO 2) However, when Will encounters some hurtful experiences and grows from them, he starts to see situations from a new perspective. (SO 3) Subsequently, Will evolves into someone who cares for others and learns to think for himself. (Concluding or Transitional Sentence) Much growth occurs in Will because he realizes that there will be less hurt if people are more accepting of each other. (Transition + TS 1/SO 1) Early in his life, Will is somewhat of a prankster, not taking into consideration the feelings of the people he might be hurting. (Trans. + MS 1) In order to release his anger, Will often uses revenge. (C+Q) Grandpa Tweedy provokes such revenge when he does not allow Will to take the fish he catches off of the hook because it is Sunday. In retaliation, Will plans to give his Grandpa a hornet chase. Will recalls Giving him just long enough to get settled good, [he] let[s] fly a rock and it hit that tin roof like a gunshot. Grandpa burst out of there in a cloud of hornet [ ¦] He know Id done it (107). (Analysis) Will probably does not even care that his Grandpa Tweedy could get stung. Because he does not like him, his welfare does not matter. Therefore, Will just evens things out. (Trans. + MS 2) Read more: No Pain No Gain Meaning Furthermore, Will does not have a problem making up lies about others in order to get out of an uncomfortable situation. When Will goes on a camping trip with his friends, he feels as if he has to change the subject away from the controversial relationship between his Grandpa Blakeslee and his new young wife, Miss Love. Will chooses his Aunt Loma, a rival of his, to humiliate: I wasnt too worried about Aunt Loma. Those were whacking good stories, if I do say so myself [ ¦] Anyhow, it would be worth a whipping to see Aunt Lomas face after she heard (184). Will not only praises his great ability to lie, but thinks that his punishment will be worth the pleasure he will get from seeing his aunt upset. He does not take into account how he would feel in her place or the  embarrassment he may cause. Moreover, Will does not always seem to respect authority. For example, Will gets into a fight at school with a mill boy, Hosie Roach, and his punishment is to chop wood for Mr. Billy Whisnant, a man ailing from rheumatism. Will takes this opportunity to defy authority and to show disrespect for Mr. Whisnant: What wed done, haw, and like I say it was my idea we had cut every stick exactly four inches too long for the Whisnants kitchen stove (267). Will does not take into account that Mr. Whisnant cannot chop wood for himself. Helping him would have been a kind and charitable thing to do. Instead, he feels that he is acting smart by finding a way to defy his punishment. Will does not try to be cruel; he does not realize the impact that his actions can have on others. When he plays a joke on someone, makes up stories, or acts defiantly, he never looks at the situation from the other persons perspective.

Wireless Body Area Network Technology

Wireless Body Area Network Technology INTRODUCTION A Body Area Network is defined by IEEE 802.15 as a standard for communication in or near the human body that can serve a variety of applications like medical testing, electronics and private entertainment optimized for low power devices and operation [1]. In more common terms, to cooperate for the benefit of the user Body Area Network is a device system in a close contact to a person’s body. A Wireless Body Area Network is capable of establishing a wireless communication link consists of intelligent and small devices implanted or attached in the body. These devices provide health monitoring for continuous and provides feedback to the medical personnel or user which is real time. The measurements can be recorded and used over a long period of time. There are two types of devices can be used for evaluation: sensors and actuators. The sensors, internal or external, are implanted on body to measure some parameters of the human body. For example body temperature, measuring the heartbeat or recording an ECG readings. The actuators can take some specific actions according to the data received from the sensors e.g., any sensor equipped with a built-in reservoir checks the correct dose of insulin to give, based on the glucose level measurements, to a diabetics patient. In body area network for medical purposes, a number of sensors are implanted on patient’s body. These sensors collect the data from body and send collected data to the main sensor. This main sensor analyzes the data and takes specific action. It sometimes consists of actuator which is used for taking required action. For eg. the sensors collect the data from body of a diabetic patient and sends it the main sensor. The main sensor analyzes the data and if it is dropped then it can inject insulin into the body of the patient and make it comfortable till the main medical aid it gets. IEEE 802.15.4 is a standard for low-rate (LR) WPANs. A LR-WPAN network allows wireless connectivity in applications with limited power, low cost and simple communication and relaxed throughput requirements.[4] Ease of installation, extremely low cost, reliable data transfer, short-range operation and a reasonable battery life are the main objective. There are different type of topologies are used in communication system for different purposes and according to our need. Topologies which are used widely are : Star ,Mesh and Cluster, Ring, Bus topology. On the basis of average jitter, throughput, end –to-end delay, traffic bits sent, traffic bits received, we can find out that which topology is good for our system. With different topologies come different routing protocols. The routing protocols to be used with zigbee protocol are AODV, DYMO, DSR etc. In wireless communication, there is no any fixed or dedicated route is assigned between two nodes for communication. Whenever , they want to communicate with each other or any other node they request for route to the system and these routing protocols , according to their properties find out the best route for communication. That route will be shorter in length so that their won’t be any delay. Body area network is being used very widely in today’s high tech world. Mainly for body area sensors detection, health monitoring and for providing assistance to differently able persons. Below are some of the advantages of Body Area Network:- Quick transmission time Reliability Good quality of service Different data rates can be used Compatibility Low power required (as work on battery) Security (because of encryption) Portable As there are many kind of routing protocols and topologies are available for communication. There are routing protocols like AODV, DYMO, Bellman ford ,LANMAR etc but it depends on type of requirement and demand that which protocol is suitable for our purpose. So, in this project we will try to find out that which routing protocol is better for our system with suitable toplogy like star, mesh etc. In this project we have zigbee based wireless sensors for monitoring. It defines the upper layers like physical and MAC layer. It is suitable choice for monitoring medical purpose sensors. Every node will sense the data from body and collected data will be sent to main node. We will design and simulate these systems on Qualnet then we will make comparison between them on the basis of throughput, average jitter, average end-to-end delay etc. The performance of each topology will be compared with every routing protocol. TECHNOLOGY TO BE USED BODY AREA NETWORK Introduction With the invent of new and high tech environment there is need of small, low power, light weight, portable devices with sensors. These devices can be used at low data rates for improving speed and accuracy. A number of these devices can be implemented on body for the monitoring of body sensor networks for applications such as health monitoring. In a body area network , it consists of small, portable devices that can be easily implanted on one’s body and they can establish wireless network link. These devices take the data continuously for health monitoring and provide real time readings to the medical examiners. These readings can be recorded and can be used for long time. A body area network generally consists of actuators and sensors, which can be implanted on or inside the body. These sensors are used to collect data. Like for eg. taking heartbeats, taking readings of ECG or temperature of body etc. The actuators take required actions on the basis of data they receive from sensors or from users. Sometimes these actuators have in-built pumps or reservoirs that keep on checking the dose of insulin and it can inject it inside body if needed. It is helpful for diabetic patients. The communication with other person or user can be done by portable wireless devices such as smart phone or PDA. The body area network works on the principle in which data is received through implanted devices and transmitted to external devices. The sensors implanted in or outside the body interact with one another and to the actuators. The actuator is based on the process of taking action according to the surrounding conditions. All the sensors send their data to main sensor. The main sensor collects the data from each sensor, fuses it and sends it to the particular person via internet. Generally, body area network comprise of small sensors and devices therefore ad-hoc network is best suitable choice for this kind of network. The IMEC (Interuniversity Micro Electronics Center) working on the principle to get hospital to the nearest location with patient. It is gives the patient the freedom of not going to hospital on regular basis for checking and taking his readings. The patient is now out of worries of regular check-up. The devices itself will take the readings and pass it to the concerned doctor and according to the readings it can take required action too, without the need of any medical personnel, in case of emergency. Architecture A body area network has a network created in or around the human body. The architecture of the body area network is as shown below. Figure 2.1 Architecture of body area network Figure 2.2 Core of body area network The proposed architecture of body area network as shown in figure 2.1 consists of following elements : Sensors: These are used to collect data from the different parts of the body continuously and transmitted this data to main sensor. Main sensor: The main sensors collect the data from other sensors and fuse it together. Then it supplies this data to coordinator. Coordinator: The coordinator analyzes the data and takes suitable action, if required otherwise send this data to PDA being used by the user. PDA or smart phone : These are the devices which get data in the form required from the sensors and transmit over the network to the laptop or desktop, wherever it is being recorded for future purpose. The core of body area network as shown in figure 2.2 consists of several body sensor units (BSU) and one body control unit (BCU). Applications 1. Medical Applications With the invent of new technology and fast processing, there was need of speed, comfortablity and convenience in the field of health monitoring too. So, with the help of body area network, it became possible and easy to monitor the health of patient remotely. 2. Sports Applications In the field of medical, it can check the health of athletes and can give a accurate and clear picture about it to their coaches so that they can determine their weaknesses and strengths. It can be used in measuring many factors during competitions like race. This kind of observation can be done anywhere and there is no need of going to laboratory and running on trademills everytime for taking readings. 3. Entertainment Applications Body area network can be used for entertainment also. It can be used for gaming, multimedia applications, 3D video and video buffering etc. Issues involved 1. Sensors: What type of sensors should be used? The types of sensors to be used depend on the requirement and purpose. 2. Source of power: These devices are to be used for a long time and continuously therefore power source should be continuous and strong. 3. Communication Range: The range of the system should be such that it can give person nearest location help and should not get disconnected even if it is far. 4. Size and weight: The size of the sensor should be small enough to be get implanted on body easily and weight should be as minimum as possible. Because a number of sensors are to be implanted on body so it should not be difficult for the person to carry them over his body. 5. Mounting of sensor: The sensors should be implanted at the correct point of the body so that sensors can take the readings correctly. If they are mounted incorrectly then system may not get the required reading. If the sensors have to count heartbeats then sensors should be placed near heart for taking data. 6. Robustness: There is very less probability of taking wrong readings if the readings are taken incorrectly then it can cause big problems. 7. Synchronization: The sensors should be synchronized with each other and with main sensor. They should be working in real time. 8. Cost: The cost of the system should be low so that more number of persons can use it and could be used for mass production. ZIGBEE PROTOCOL Introduction SIMULATION AND RESULTS Simulation is the main process of finding out the performance of the proposed system. It tells us the ability and efficiency of the particular system when it is used under different system, surrounding and environmental conditions. It tells us that how really our system is going to work in a real environment and what factors should be taken care of while using and designing it .So, instead of designing any factory prototype of system before , it is simulated and ran on software by virtually designing it. In this project we are working for IEEE 802.15.4 zigbee protocol for body sensor network. We have used two topologies : star and mesh. We have used software QUALNET 5.0 for simulation of our scenarios that is star and mesh for different routing protocols such as AODV and DYMO. QUALNET 5.0 is a product of scalable technologies and is a good software for designing and simulating wired and wireless networks such as wi-fi, wi-max, GSM etc. There are a number of protocols available for simulation of different type of systems. It also has 802.15.4 protocol for zigbee which can be used for designing body area network prototypes. Qualnet is chosen because of its accuracy and its available graphical user interface. Using qualnet we designed star and mesh topologies containing PAN co-ordinator, routers and a number of sensor elements and then we developed them for different routing protocols such as AODV and DYMO. After developing them, we tested and compared them for throughput, end-to-end delay, average jitter etc. So that we can find out better performing routing protocol for respective topology used. The simulation results are shown as per respective factor for different topology showing performance on different routing protocol. THROUGHPUT: Any routing protocol in any network can send only a fixed amount of data over the route so if we are having a large bit message then we have to divide that data into a number of packets that can be transferred over the route to the destination. These packets have size which is applicable for the route. When these are sent over the network then some of the packets can get corrupted due to the noise or lost or discarded and not all of the sent packets will be received by the receiver. Then, throughput comes into picture which is the rate of the successful transfer of packets. It is measured in bps that is bits per second. Below are the simulation results for throughput of star and mesh topologies : The above result is shown for the throughput comparison of star topology for AODV and DYMO routing protocol at different nodes . It can be seen from the figure that the throughput is same for both. The above result shows the comparison of mesh topology for AODV and DYMO routing protocol. From the above result we can see that throughput for DYMO is very less than the AODV. So it can be concluded that AODV is better than DYMO for mesh topology. AVERAGE JITTER: When a number of packets are transmitted over a network then there can be some delay (latency) over the network due to which the receiver will receive packet after the expected time. The variability in time can be observed for various networks. This variability in latency is jitter. A network which has no latency or constant latency has no jitter. The above result is shown for comparison of average jitter of star topology for AODV and DYMO routing protocol. It can be seen from the above result that average jitter for AODV is larger than DYMO so it can be concluded that DYMO is better than AODV for star because it has less dealys for packet transmission. Also, it can be concluded that there will be less collision in DYMO because it is taking less time for transmission. The above result is shown for comparison of mesh topology for AODV and DYMO routing protocol for average jitter. It can been seen from the result that DYMO has less jitter than AODV. That means DYMO is better than AODV because it has less latency. Also, it can be concluded that there will be less collision in DYMO because it is taking less time for transmission. Same was the result for star topology so it can be concluded that DYMO is better when it comes to the performance based on the jitter.

The World as a Wasteland: A Comparison of Two American Modern Poets, Ro

â€Å"[F]uture commentators on American poetry and political issues will not be able to ignore the †¦ authentic voice of the region,† argues Barry Ahearn, author of the article Poetry: 1900 to the 1940s, which discusses the importance of the author writing about his or her region of choice in their poetry and how it affects their writing (Ahearn 373). Ahearn discusses writers such as Sterling A. Brown, Langston Hughes, H.D. (Hilda Doolittle), Robert Frost, Robinson Jeffers, Edna St. Vincent Millay, Lorine Niedecker, George Oppen, John Crowe Ransom, Charles Rezikoff, Muriel Rukeyser, Gertrude Stine, Wallace Stevens, Sara Teasdale, William Carlos Williams, and Louis Zukofksy. The purpose of mentioning so many, claims Ahearn, is to gather a survey of works between 1900 and the 1940s. The discussion of these writers creates a wide range of Modernist authors that influenced each other and the people who read their works; the author claims that the authenticity of the writer is what creates a more accurate work of literature and the life experiences of these authors is the material that adds to their writing as a whole. For example, Robert Frost and Langston Hughes are regional writers that focus on specific places but have similar qualities in their poems that transcend the locale. Two poems exemplify these qualities -- â€Å"Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening† with â€Å"Birches† by Robert Frost and â€Å"Theme for English B† with â€Å"Visitors to the Black Belt† by Langston Hughes. Both authors express their world as a wasteland; their environments are portrayed in poor or discouraging light due to human intrusion, or lack thereof, within their communities. Modernist Poetry involves a movement away from the self and the emotions of the individual. Typical... ...5. EDS Foundation Index. Web. 18 Apr. 2012. Frost, Robert. â€Å"Birches.† The Norton Anthology Of American Literature. 7th. Vol. D. Ed. Leffelholz, Mary. New York: Norton & Company, 2007. 1400-1402. Print. Frost, Robert. â€Å"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.† The Norton Anthology Of American Literature. 7th. Vol. D. Ed. Leffelholz, Mary. New York: Norton & Company, 2007. 1403. Print. Hughes, Langston. â€Å"Theme for English B.† The Norton Anthology Of American Literature. 7th. Vol. D. Ed. Leffelholz, Mary. New York: Norton & Company, 2007. 2036. Print. Hughes, Langston. â€Å"Visitors to the Black Belt.† The Norton Anthology Of American Literature. 7th.Vol. D. Ed. Leffelholz, Mary. New York: Norton & Company, 2007. 2032. Print. Leffelholz, Mary. The Norton Anthology Of American Literature. 7th. D. New York: Norton & Company, 2007. 1177-1191. Print.

Lift the Trade Ban on Cuba Essay -- essays research papers

Unlock the Gate to Cuba In the long and turbulent history between Cuba and the United States, it can well be argued that Cuba did not turn out quite like its other Latin American peers. Things seemed to be on the right track in the early 1900’s, when it appeared that Cuba was destined for a future of â€Å"independence†, like its neighbour Puerto Rico and it was yet another South American nation rife with the now atypical blend of affluent American investors and poor workers usually native to the land herself. However, following a coup d’à ©tat that saw the fall of the American-backed Fulgencio Batista in favour of his social antithesis in communist Fidel Castro, the situation rapidly turned sour. The American government, finding themselves backed into a corner and unable to mold Cuba in its golden image, decided that it would be pertinent to sever all trade with Cuba. Since America’s policies towards Communism were clear, the trade embargo began to look like a more long-term intervention. To this day, the trade embargo is still in place, and it appears unlikely that this president, as well as many more from those who will succeed him, is ready to discuss any possible amendment. However, these economic sanctions have seen its efficacy come to an abrupt end. The ban on Cuban trade should be lifted in order to reduce poverty on the island, boost the economies of both the United States and Cuba, give America access to superior healthcare and allow America to acquire some cheap labour. In this essay, I will inform you of four things; (1) Cuba’s poverty caused by the sanctions, (2) how lifting the embargo would benefit Cuba, (3) how lifting the embargo would benefit America, (4) why continue the sanctions (5) how close are we to lifting the sanctions. Cuba’s Poverty   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is not difficult to identify Cuba as a â€Å"developing† nation: a quick glance around at the grimy, graffiti-filled streets, rampant propagandist billboards and the cars, clanking along with broken fenders in tow and a volatility and tint that suggest that their primes passed 50 years hence are enough of an indication. Indeed, those sepia-toned prosperous days under communist rule having come and gone, there has been little to no influx of money to replace and refurbish aging buildings, automobiles, schools, roads and above all, aging policies. When asked what they thought ab... ... by simply giving passing reference to that presumed inevitability? It is intolerable to think that we are so far away from a solution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Furthermore, they have labelled Cuba as part of a â€Å"secondary† axis of evil. Worse yet, John Bolton, the Undersecretary of State for Arms Control, has stated that â€Å"Cuba has long provided safe haven for terrorists†, and â€Å"that Cuba has been developing biological weapons of mass destruction.† Figures. Finally, It is clear that there is a serious issue regarding poverty in Cuba that directly results from the forty year old sanctions. It would benefit both countries to lift the sanctions in terms of trade, immigration and development. The sanctions have so far proven unsuccessful, and are just hindering the Cuban economy. Despite all of these points, it seems doubtful that the doors to Cuba shall be unlocked, and that the poverty and suffering could continue forever until we get another FDR-like president who has enough sense to change something. Word count: 2002   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Play Writes Skills as A Dramatist Essay

Analysing A Scene from the play ‘A View from the Bridge’ Showing the P Play Writes Skills as A Dramatist   The paly which I analysis is by Arthur miller called â€Å"a view from the bridge†. In this play I analysed a scene which is the chair incident. In this essay I will be writing about what lead up to the chair incident. I will be also analysing the skill that Arthur Miller uses and write down its function.This play is set in America in 1960s. This play is about the Carbone family who brings two brothers who are Italian immigrants. There are six main characters, Eddie who is married to Beatrice, Catherine who is Eddies nice. The layer is Alfiera. The two immigrants are Marco and Rodolfo. At this time Italy was very poor and it was illegal for immigrants to come in America. Eddie helps his Italian cousins Marco and Rodolfo by smuggling them to America so they can provide for their family. When they by a ship they get jobs as longshoremen. Marco has a wife and two children and Rodolfo is single.  The events which led up to the chair incident is the boxing incident. This is where Eddie decides to teach Rodolfo boxing for self defence as he is to vulnerable. For example he says â€Å"I’ll teach you† to Rodolfo. This incident suggests that Eddie is trying to embarrass Rodolfo in front Catherine. This will make Catherine think that Rodolfo is nothing but a man mouse and Eddie is a man. Marco reacts to this by â€Å"rising† from his chair. This gives the audience the impression that Marco is going to do something to get his vengeance this builds up tension between Marco and Eddie as Marco is very protective over his brother Rodolfo. This leaves the audience feeling overwrought as they are wondering how Marco is going to get his vengeance. In the chair incident Marco gets his revenge for his brother. Firstly the atmosphere is tranquil; this is where Rodolfo and Catherine dance together. For example in directors notes is says â€Å"he took her hand; they go to the phonograph and start it.  This is when Marco decides to teach Eddie a lesson. Marco says â€Å"can you lift this chair†. Eddie thinks this is just a game but he doesn’t know what Marco’s ingenious plan is as he says â€Å"what do you mean† the gives us the impression that Eddie hasn’t got a clue of what Marco is planning. This is when a lot of tension and suspense builds up as it makes the audience aware of what Marco is planning. This also makes the audience think that Marcos plan must be vicious as he is ‘shy ‘. This implies that Marco is a very bashful and quiet person. Also the audience know that Marco is a person not to joke around with as Eddie says â€Å"nobody kids with Marco†. This gives the aud ience the impression that Marco is a very serious person. Eddie falls in Marcos trap when he lifts the chair. Eddie ‘grasps’ barely lifting the chair. This suggests that Eddie is struggling to lift the chair with straight with his arm. But Eddie does not give up ‘he tries again and again but fails’ this is what Marco wants Eddie to do. This gives us the impression that Eddie is putting all his effort to lift the chair and is trying vigorously to lift the chair. Also the audience now think he is weak and slow-witted for not realizing Marco plan. At this moment a lot of anxiety and tension is created. Marco then decides to lift the chair as it says in stage directions ‘with strain slowly raise the chair higher’. This symbolises that Marco is giving out a warning to Eddie. Marco raised the chair ‘higher’ then Eddie which indicate Marcos status and authority over Eddie as the height of the chair suggests that Marco has more status then Eddie.  There are many features of this scene that make this a climatic scene as in directors notes it says ‘Marco is face to face with Eddie a strike of tension gripping his eyes and jaws’ this is when Eddie finds out what Marco is happening to him. ‘Eddie grin vanishes as he absorbs his look’ this gives us the impression that Eddie feels apprehensive from the impact of the warning from Marco. This nail biting incident leaves the audience feeling perturbed as it makes them think of the various ways that Eddie can get his revenge and if he is going to do any think foolish.